Human rights violations in the practice of Ulwaluko: A social work perspective

This study explores the intersection of traditional male circumcision, or ulwaluko, among the amaXhosa in South Africa and human rights concerns. While ulwaluko is a deeply rooted cultural practice and a rite of passage into adulthood, it has also been associated with severe human rights violations, including physical harm, psychological distress, and inadequate medical oversight. This research employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing thematic content analysis to examine data from academic literature, policies, and community perspectives. Anchored in Anti-Oppressive Practice, the study highlights systemic inequalities affecting initiates and the lack of social work interventions. The findings indicate a pressing need for policy reform, integration of social work practices, and increased oversight to protect the well-being of initiates. This research contributes to the discourse on balancing cultural traditions with human rights protections and provides recommendations for improving the safety and dignity of initiates within ulwaluko.